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The COVID-19 pandemic has wreaked social and economic havoc across the globe. This article addresses an aspect of trust that has not received wide attention in the context of the pandemic: how relational trust can affect compliance behaviour with health campaigns. This article uses a unique dataset of people receiving a COVID test after suspicion of infection. We use regression analysis to study the relation between compliance with mobility restrictions and institutional and relational trust. We find that trusting that close relations will be there for you in the case of falling ill is associated with a significant increase in the probability of complying with health campaigns as is trust that public institutions will respond appropriately to the pandemic. Additionally, we find no statistical relationship between compliance and trust in media outlets nor compliance and trust that community members (neighbours, co-workers or others) will care for you. The findings suggest that enhancing trust may improve compliance with mobility restrictions, however, increasing trust in specific groups may not aid in the effectiveness of some health campaigns. Importantly, nudging people towards compliance could be achieved by emphasising in campaigns that your behaviour could influence the health of those who you care about.
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Objectives - The objective of our study was to assess humoral response in a population of health workers after vaccination with the first and second doses of Sputnik V. Methods - SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies (IgG and IgM) were measured, using the Centaur XPT autoanalyzer, Siemens, in 530 serum samples taken from health workers in Buenos Aires vaccinated with Sputnik V. Results - After 21 days of the first dose application, 10 individuals (1.9%) presented antibody levels <1.0 (non-reactive), while 520 subjects (98.1%) responded with antibody values >1.0 (reactive). The results, obtained 21 days after the second dose, show that only 2 individuals (0.38%) had antibody levels <1.0 (non-reactive) and 528 (99.6%) responded with antibody values >1.0 (reactive). Conclusion - This study results implied that two doses of Sputnik V vaccine generated a proper antibody response in virtually the entire studied population.Copyright © 2022, Russian Open Medical Journal.
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Aim: There is growing evidence regarding the imaging ultrasound findings of coronavirus disease 2019 COVID-19. Multi-organ ultrasound has played a significant role in the diagnosis and follow-up of these patients. The aim of this study was to describe the ultrasound findings at pulmonary, cardiac and deep venous system of the lower extremities in patients with SARS-COV-2 infection. Material and method: Prospective, cross-sectional, observational study was conducted in patients with confirmed COVID-19 who underwent a multi-organ point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) examination during hospitalization. Results: A total of 107 patients were enrolled. Lung involvement was present in 100% of the patients, 93.4% bilaterally involvement. The most affected lung area was the posteroinferior (94.39%) followed by the lateral (89.72%). Subpleural consolidations were present in 71% of patients and consolidations larger than 1 cm in 25%. More echographic lung involvement is relational with the degree of respiratory insufficiency. Only two patients had proximal deep vein thrombosis in the lower extremities, 27 angiography tomography scan were performed and pulmonary thromboembolism was confirmed in 14 patients. The most frequent echocardiographic findings were impaired left ventricular relaxation and left ventricular hypertrophy. All patients with thromboembolic disease had severe or critical echocardiographic pulmonary involvement. Conclusions: Multi-organ POCUS ultrasound may be useful for the manifestations of COVID-19. The degree of lung ultrasound involvement was related to the degree of respiratory failure and to the presence of VTED. The relationship between DVT and PTE was lower than expected. Cardiac involvement has little relevance in our series.
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Background: In March 2020, the state of alarm was declared in Spain due to the health crisis caused by SARS-COV-2. The rapid spread of the virus generated uncertainty and concern about the impact it could have on patients with severe asthma (SA) and boosted for the first time the use of teleconsultation for the management of these patients. For this reason, it was necessary to facilitate the transition to a hybrid model that combines face-to-face and digital consultations. Objective(s): Development of the first document designed for SA patients, aimed to support the preparation of the telematic follow-up consultations with their specialist. Method(s): Nine experts in SA from different specialties: 4 allergists, 3 pulmonologists and 2 asthma unit nurses contributed to the conceptualization and development of the document. In a first phase of conceptualization, the profile of patients to which the material is addressed was defined and the minimum content needed to be useful to both patients and healthcare professionals (HCPs) was established. A first draft was prepared and refined after evaluation by adult patients and parents of pediatric patients through cognitive interviews. Result(s): Onasm@ is the first document intended for SA patients to prepare the telematic follow-up consultation with their specialist. It consists of three blocks: A first one with general considerations to be applied on the telematic consultation, a second one to collect all the information that might be requested by the healthcare professional (HCP) during the off-site visit (asthma medications, dosage, adherence, asthma crisis events, emergency visits and oral corticosteroid use) and the third block with tips for achieving and maintaining asthma control. The asthma control test (ACTTM) for adults and the children's version (cACTTM) is also incorporated. Conclusion(s): The transition to a hybrid healthcare model due to the pandemic situation makes it essential to support SA patients to face the telematic follow-up consultation with their specialist. Onasm@ is the first document designed to help patients to appreciate the information needed to face this type of visit, with the aim to promote a fluid communication with their HCP and more efficient visits. This type of document could be applied to the management of other conditions and as such have broader impact on the future of healthcare, which is currently immersed in far-reaching change and transformation.
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Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic, alternatives to face-to-face teaching were on the urge. What's more, in the context of the respiratory support of COVID patients, the training and capacitation of personnel capable of taking care of these patients was critical. Aims and objectives: Develop a Virtual Reality (VR) app for remote training of medical staff in the management of different acute respiratory diseases, including COVID-19. Method(s): Pulmonologists and software developers designed an app based on a virtual hospital using VR glasses. The teacher programs different clinical scenarios, where the student can converse with the patient and explore him, observing the respiratory mechanics and the skin coloration, auscultating different noises in various cardiac and pulmonary foci, edema in the lower extremities, etc. The student can request different tests (blood analysis, radiography, etc.) and prescribe treatment, including oxygen therapy and respiratory support. The clinical situation of the patient can change during the simulation. Result(s): Different acute respiratory diseases were successfully simulated, with a correct interaction between the student and the teacher. Conclusion(s): VR can be used as a tool for the remote training of medical staff, and provide high fidelity simulations for training in a wide variety of clinical situations.
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The COVID-19 pandemic established a new challenge for health services in Mexico, which is why these services faced the challenge of responding to the affected people, by providing them services with opportunity, efficiency, effectiveness and safety. The Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS, Mexican Institute for Social Security) gave medical attention to the larger number of affected people: towards the end of September, 2022, 3,335,552 patients were registered, who represented 47% of the total (7,089,209) of confirmed COVID-19 cases since the beginning of the pandemic in 2020. Of all the cases treated, 295,065 (8.8%) required hospitalization. In addition of new scientific evidence and the implementation of best practices in medical care and directive management (with the general objective of improvement of the processes in hospital attention, even without an effective treatment at the time), we presented an evaluation, supervision method with a comprehensive (involving the three levels of health services) and analytic (structure, process, result and directive management components) approach. The achievement of specific goals and lines of action was established in a technical guideline with health policies for the COVID-19 medical care. These guidelines were instrumented with a standardized evaluation tool, a result dashboard and a risk assessment calculator, improving the quality of medical care and directive management by the multidisciplinary health team. Copyright © 2023 Revista Medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social.
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Two years after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Mexican Institute for Social Security (IMSS, according to its initials in Spanish) rethought new projects focused on the new needs of the population and social security organizations and institutions. The Institute, as a cornerstone in the search for the wellbeing of Mexicans, aligned with the National Development Plan and the Strategic Health for Wellbeing Program, sought to direct its transformation towards a preventive, resilient, comprehensive, innovative, sustainable, modern and accessible IMSS. For this reason, the Medical Services Director designed the PRIISMA Project, as the one that over the next three years could make possible to innovate and improve its medical care processes, starting with the recovery of medical services and identifying those groups of beneficiaries who experience the most vulnerable circumstances. The PRIISMA project consisted of five sub-projects: 1. Vulnerable groups;2. Efficient and effective care;3. Prevent IMSS plus;4 IMSS University and 5. Recovery of medical services. The strategies of each project seek to improve medical care for all IMSS beneficiaries and users with a human rights perspective and by priority groups;the goal is reducing the gaps in access to health care, leaving no one behind and leaving no one out;and to surpass the goals for medical services provided before the pandemic. This document provides an overview of strategies and progress of the PRIISMA sub-projects achieved during 2022. Copyright © 2023 Revista Medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social.
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The state of emergency declared in many countries due to the pandemic led universities to consider the incursion of technological tools to give continuity to the teaching and learning process;therefore it is significant to explore results regarding the application of augmented reality (AR) in education. The objective of the research is to generate knowledge from the systematic review of the literature framed in the context of virtual teaching in the midst of COVID-19. A bibliographic review was carried out under a mixed approach, exploratory and descriptive level. The findings showed that the application of AR in learning is not exclusive to any engineering specialty, but, on the contrary, it is versatile and adapts to various curricular contents;Also, the way in which augmented reality is applied is more focused on the use of mobile augmented reality (mobile AR) technology with markerless activation. In addition, it was identified that the factors that were analysed to demonstrate the contribution of AR were: the effectiveness of learning, the predisposition to use AR and the motivation generated by AR. With which it can be concluded that AR in this context has managed to position itself as a learning resource that goes beyond a tool linked to a virtual classroom, since it allows the student to transcend towards immersion in environments with high contextual fidelity. Future research should address which factors influence the improvement of mobile AR activation sensitivity, in different contexts. © Authors.
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The objective of this study was to establish the correlation between anxiety and depression in times of the pandemic in people who live in the city of Chiclayo-Peru. For this study, a quantitative investigation of correlational scope and cross-section was carried out. In this non-experimental research, we worked with a sample of 619 people from the city of Chiclayo-Peru, the population was selected through a non-probabilistic convenience sampling. The data was collected through the Goldberg Anxiety and Depression scale, a sociodemographic characterization sheet was also used. The results show that anxiety is more prevalent than depression and more persistent in women than men. Taking into account age, young people and adolescents were more affected, taking into account economic and occupational conditions. © Este es un artículo en acceso abierto, distribuido bajo los términos de una licencia Creative Commons.
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4CPS-167 Figure 1 4CPS-167 Table 1Number of patients, administrations and days between each administration of ICIAtezolizumab Durvalumab Nivolumab Pembrolizumab Number of patients (%) 26 (10.24) 24 (9.45) 85 (33.46) 120 (47.24) Median number of administrations (IQR) 4 (3-8) 13 (5-24) 7 (3-22) 6 (3-13) Mean days between administrations (SD) 24 (7.43) 18 (7.67) 22 (31.38) 25 (15.99) We can see a significate decrease on the number of patients treated with an ICI between May 2020 and August 2020, possibly influenced by the decrease in the number of patients diagnosed with NSCLC during the COVID-19 pandemic.The mean days between each ICI administration was slightly above the approved posology, possibly due to delays because of adverse effects.References and/or AcknowledgementsConflict of InterestNo conflict of interest
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In this direction, it is interesting to be able to identify the educational practices that are carried out in our context to define guidelines that regulate academic activities. The objective pursued in this work is to document and describe university educational practices in scientific and technological careers during the virtualization process, as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic, in the area of General and Inorganic Chemistry for the follow-up of cohorts of the Faculty of Biochemistry and Cs. [...]a new stage is proposed, the hybrid education between presence and virtuality. Luego, se dio una socialización dentro del DQGI de diferentes estrategias y se desarrollaron materiales adaptados a la virtualización, apoyándose en el Entorno Virtual de la asignatura (https://evirtual.unl.edu.ar/course/view.php?id=3299), que pasó de ser un repositorio de archivos a una plataforma virtual de enseñanza y aprendizaje con múltiples recursos y materiales para el desarrollo de todas las actividades propuestas. * Teorías: Las clases de desarrollo teórico (de tipo expositivo) fueron presentadas a los estudiantes de manera asincrónica (Figura 1) a través de un link al canal de YouTube del Departamento (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCe4hS RIn2t a w88yMtC2A).
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It is proposed to identify the beginning and end of the SARS-CoV-2 and subprime crises on the NASDAQ. The EEMD was used to decompose the index into consecutive series with the same number of components and their correlation coefficients were calculated, the power spectrum of the original series was also analyzed. Signals of instability associated with changes in both the components' correlations and the NASDAQ spectrum were identified. It is recommended to apply the procedure on other series and other crises;likewise, the method is based on the detection of discrepancies, thus being a monitoring tool, but not one of quantitative forecasts. The originality of the work lies in the use of the modified EEMD for the decomposition of consecutive series in the same number of components, and the use of the correlation coefficient between components and the spectrum of the original series as measures of system stability. The approach proved to be useful for identifying and anticipating large changes in the behavior of a time series. © 2022 The authors.
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We examine predictors of COVID-19 cases in Native nations during the early months of the pandemic. We find that where Native American representation and Native American political power in state politics were greater, COVID-19 cases on tribal lands were fewer. We expand the literatures on descriptive representation and on tribal-state relations by demonstrating consequences of powerful Native American voices in the statehouse. We find that Native American voices on tribal lands are also vital Tribal lands that had extensive networks of community-based health facilities and tribally controlled health facilities recorded fewer COVID-19 cases. The broader lesson here is that if Native nations are to protect their citizens, they need outside governments that support, not thwart. Our findings draw on unique, original quantitative analysis.
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MOOCs can be used to provide specialized and continuing medical education in times of Covid-19. The procedure to evaluate the satisfaction of this MOOC aimed at primary care health professionals for the detection and management of suicidal risk had descriptive statistics, Cronbach's Alpha, and CHAID analysis (Chi-square Automatic Interaction Detector) to find the factor that most influenced the satisfaction of this course. This evaluation was complemented with thematic analysis. CHAID analysis of this MOOC course, the satisfaction of 53% Excellent was explained by the Course Content Assessment with a value of P <.001. The results of the thematic analysis were that 75% of the learning obtained corresponds to the general objective of the course. 53% of the most relevant topics of this MOOC were considered useful and of interest to their profession. Health professionals liked the final interview and the practical cases, they requested more real cases to better manage the risk of suicide. The achievement of the objective of this MOOC helps to contribute to the prevention of suicide. We can learn that this type of course is feasible at a technological level and that it requires a great commitment or interest from health professionals to carry it out satisfactorily in times of Covid-19. © 2022 IEEE.
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Background: The use of vaccines as preventive agents for SARS-CoV-2 infection has generated collateral effects, including arthralgias. The objective of this case report was to describe the treatment and evolution of a patient with arthralgia secondary to vaccination with BNT162b2 (Pfizer - BioNTech), with ozone and ozonized growth factors. Methods: The patient was a 53-year-old, white male with no medical history who had received 2 doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine, with an interval of 6 weeks. After the second dose, the patient reported the permanence of arthralgia in the fifth finger of the right hand, and the third finger of the left hand with an intensity of 9-10 on the visual analog scale (VAS) scale. The patient was locally infiltrated with ozone 6 mg/mL (intra articular and with the glove technique), twice a week for 2 weeks, and was subsequently treated with platelet-derived growth factor, Silfradent (R) CGF (Concentrated Grow Factors) activated with ozone, in a single session. Results: The patient evolved satisfactorily with a final VAS reduction to a value of 1-2 and reduction of clinical symptoms. Medical ozone and regenerative medicine using CGF, can represent a useful complement in mitigating collateral effects such as post-vaccination arthralgias. Conclusions: Larger clinical studies are needed to demonstrate its clinical efficacy in this indication.
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Objectives: Mexican migration authorities registered over 52,000 children from Central America and Mexico who migrated to the United States during 2019. Over 30,000 were under the age of 11 years. During the COVID-19 pandemic, this number increased ninefold. Migrant children between 8 and 12 years were interviewed to explore the migration experience from their perspective, in their own voice, through children's narratives and family stories. The objective of this study was to understand the lived experience of migrant children in their home countries and along the migrant trail, and the meanings they assigned to their adversities. We also examined how they interpreted and coped with those experiences in order to assess the resilience of forced migrant children in the face of adversity and trauma. Method(s): Seventy-six migrant children were interviewed at 2 strategic points of entry: Tapachula (port of entry from Guatemala to Mexico) and Ciudad Juarez (point of entry between Mexico and the United States). Children created narrative accounts, using legends, family stories, and drawings to describe their experiences. A video sample of these stories will be shown. Result(s): The children were alarmingly underweight and spoke of frequently suffering from hunger, both in their home country and during the journey. They also reported repeated exposure to danger, and the signs of trauma were evident. The children showed that the main reasons for leaving home were violence, corruption, climate change, inequality, environmental calamities, and the pandemic. However, children also showed remarkable resilience that developed mainly due to social factors associated with family, cultural, and social support. Conclusion(s): The unnecessary suffering of migrant children will be resolved when root causes in their home countries do not force them to leave and when there are viable options for them to migrate through regular policies that respect their human rights. IMM, TRA, CUL Copyright © 2022
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This paper presents an approach to determine the Semaphore Covid in Mexico from the news to participate in the Rest-Mex 2022 evaluation forum. The purpose of the task is to determine the covid semaphore color (red, orange, yellow, and green) in different time spaces. The proposed approach consists of two main steps. First, to generate a list of topics of the news, and second, to implement several linear regressions methods in order to these results serve to feed a deep neural network. For the first step, the LDA algorithm was implemented, and for the second, well-known methods such as Lasso, Ridge, Lars, among others, were utilized. With this approach, a weighted average of 0.48 was obtained, which is considerably higher than the baseline proposed by the organizers, which is 0.12. The best result to classify the semaphore was two weeks in the future with 0.56 of F-measure. © 2022 Copyright for this paper by its authors. Use permitted under Creative Commons License Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
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Background: Many measurement tools are designed to assess disease activity for Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) patients. One of the most used tools is the Disease Activity Score-DAS28 which assesses the number of painful joints, erythrocyte sedimentation, and a patient's global assessment. The assessment is performed by a clinician and requires laboratory exams. Unfortunately, from March to August 2019, Colombia had one of the strictest responses to the COVID-19 pandemic according to the COVID-19 stringency Index(1). One of the main restrictions was the preventive isolation of older populations, especially those with comorbidities. These restrictions challenged the rheumatology practice because face-to-face consultations were not possible. Due to the above, measurements like the PAS-II score should be used to assess disease activity during the pandemic. Objectives: To describe disease activity according to the Patient Activity Score-PAS-II score patients with RA and compare its results to the most recent DAS28 assessment before the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We conducted a descriptive study;patients were followed during the COVID-19-lockdown in a video consultation. The PAS-II score was applied to assess disease activity as an alternative to the DAS28 assessment. The patients were part of an educational program, clinical charts were reviewed to collect the study variables. We collected demographic data and DAS28 before the pandemic started. We present a descriptive analysis of DAS28 severity and the results obtained by the PASS-II score. Results: The educational program enrolled 250 participants;196 patients had complete data. 93% of participants were women, mean age was 64 years IQR (54-67). 43% of participants were married or had a civil union, 26% were single, 20% divorced, and 11% were widowed. Regarding educational level, 25% had fnished elementary school and 39% high school;the remaining 36% had higher education. When we compared the last DAS28 assessed by a rheumatologist between January, and March 2019, 67% of patients were in remission, while in July 2019, the PASS-II score reported that 7% of patients were in remission and 75% had low or minimal activity. Figure 1-Table 1. Conclusion: The PASS score is a helpful tool to assess disease activity in patients with RA, especially in situations where the patient cannot see a rheumatologist in a face-to-face consultation;however, patients in severe disease activity should not delay the consultation with a clinician. As other studies have demonstrated, patient-reported outcome measures should be adopted in clinical practice as an alternative for treat-to-targe strategies(2). Further studies should be conducted to assess the impact of the pandemic in countries with high levels of restrictions in the course of RA.